women in crime
Mistresses of mayhem

Pakistan has its fair share of criminals and in some cases, the hand that rocks the cradle can also hold the gun or the knife. Kolachi explores the criminal cases of two women who are currently serving time in prison.
By Sabeen Jamil

Case 1
When slim, doe eyed Nisha, 20, performs on stage no one in the captivated audience would ever believe that this beautiful diva is a dacoit, or that her henna adorned hands have held a 9mm Russian Makarov and fired two pistols at the same time.

environment
Short-sightedness in Sindh: 
Chopping trees and lives

As the world buzzes with problems created by global warming and  the G8 devise environment friendly strategies to preserve resources for future generations, trees are being chopped down in this part of the world aggravating an already huge predicament
By Adeel Pathan
Photos by
Muhammad Rehan
Sindh, along with other natural resources, was also rich in forests that helped keep the region cool. But a deforestation drive has wiped out scores of trees. Authorities it seems are not mindful of  the practice and its adverse effects on environment

The way we were
Games we used to play

By Kaleem Omar
Sports range from 'A' for archery to 'G' for gravity speed biking and gulli danda to 'T' for trampolining. And if one were to think about it long enough, one could probably also come up with the name of a sport beginning with the letter 'X'. 

karachicharacter
A friendly doodhwala

By Sana Lakhani
Mohammad Irshad is the proud owner of the Bismillah Milk shop in Cantt. Born and bred in Karachi, Mohammad Irshad has been the friendly neighbourhood doodhwala for the last 18 years. Mohammad Irshad is a prominent feature of the Cantt. community and has seen the area develop, growing along with it. A family man with three children, this Karachi Character allowed Kolachi a peek into his life.

 

 


women in crime
Mistresses of mayhem
Pakistan has its fair share of criminals and in some cases, the hand that rocks the cradle can also hold the gun or the knife. Kolachi explores the criminal cases of two women who are currently serving time in prison.
By Sabeen Jamil

Case 1

When slim, doe eyed Nisha, 20, performs on stage no one in the captivated audience would ever believe that this beautiful diva is a dacoit, or that her henna adorned hands have held a 9mm Russian Makarov and fired two pistols at the same time.

Nisha (alias Hina alias Rahila) was caught by the police in an encounter in North Nazimabad on April 19, 2007. She had, with her gang of three men, broken into a retired banker's house with the intention of robbing him. Observing her mannerisms during the encounter, and the way she twirled her gun before firing it, the police are convinced that she is a trained dacoit.Nisha denies the charge.

"I don't know how to use a gun and I have not committed the robbery," she says, in pain from the injuries she sustained during the encounter.

According to the police  Nisha tried to climb a 9-foot wall nearly twice her height when they were chasing her. However she not only successfully scaled the wall but shot at the police while sitting on it. "She couldn't keep her balance on the wall and fell," says Naeem Sheikh, area TPO (Town Police Officer).

Nisha was severely injured when she fell but amazingly tried climbing back up the wall. She fell again as her hand got grazed by one of the bullets the police fired at her and was caught. The police discovered her to be in possession of two TT pistols and a Makarov.They were not too surprised by her weapons, or her skill at using them though, as she is the wife of famous dacoit Muhammad Ali aka Babu Sindhi.

"Muhammad Ali had forced me to help him with the robberies," says Nisha.

One of her eyes is swollen shut and she says it is her husband's doing for refusing to be a part of his illicit activities. She denies knowing Muhammad Ali before her marriage. 

"I didn't know that he was a dacoit when I married him." Nisha was living with her cousin at her Orangi Town home when her cousin married her off without her consent." She forced me to marry him at the age of 14," and didn't even inform Nisha's parents who lived in Kohat.

Soon after their marriage, Nisha discovered that her husband was not only a dacoit but already married as well. He was also violent, routinely beating Nisha to a pulp.

 "With the help of a police officer in the area, I got him imprisoned after four months of marriage."  According to Nisha he remained in prison for four years and she started working as a stage performer to earn a living. "I would dance and model on stage at events organized by Mumtaz Kureshi."

However after four years her husband returned and once again resorted to beating her for not being his partner in crime.

"One night," she tells Kolachi, "he took me to Mumtaz's house and got me to get the doors opened for him."  Muhammad Ali and his friends robbed the stage organizer of 2000,000 rupees and jewelry.

"I kept pleading with him to not do so but he didn't pay my pleas any heed." Nisha claims that she was involved with both robberies only to extent of getting the doors opened. The police however do not believe her. They say that she confessed  in front of them.

"When Mumtaz came to my office she identified the jewelry Nisha was wearing as hers and do you know what she said?" recounts Naeem Sheikh " 'I have a lot of stolen jewelry at home so I don't remember if this is yours or someone else's.'"

The weapons in her possession, Nisha says, were forcibly put in her bag by Muhammad Ali.

"There is a possibility that she was forced in to robbery but according to the banker at whose house she was arrested, her male counterparts didn't treat him as badly as she did. She beat him brutally and carried a gun throughout," claims Naeem Sheikh. He is unconvinced by Nisha's claims of innocence. Nisha on the other hand maintains she was forced into crime. The police say that there was no one at the scene of crime who could have forced Nisha to commit the violent acts that she did.

 

 

Case 2

Rubbing her hands together nervously, Asma Nawab tells Kolachi that she enjoys Faiz and Ghalib's poetry and is a fan of Shahrukh Khan's Dilwale Dulhaniya Le Jayenge.It is hard to believe that she is the same person who aided the slaughtering of her family almost nine years ago.

On the morning of December 31, 1998, the bodies of Nawab Ahmed, 50, his wife Azra Nawab, 45 and their son Asif Ahmed, 21 were found with their mouths taped shut, their hands and feet tied back with ropes and their throats slit. Asma had gone to college and when she returned at around 9.35 am she found the door ajar and her father's body lying in drawing room. Her mother and brother's bodies lay in another room; one on a charpoy and the other on the floor in their house in Malir.

Nawab Ahmed was unemployed while Azra had recently retired from a multinational company with a golden handshake of nine lakh rupees. According to news reports Asma "rejected the possibility of enmity resulting in this incident."

The sympathies of the entire city were with the young girl who had lost her family at the age of 20. However, the very next day, on January 1,1999, the police found that she not only knew the culprits, but was herself party to the homicide.

Asma revealed to the press that she wanted to marry Farhan, a boy she had met on her way to college and had fallen for. They started meeting and having phone conversations. Her family soon discovered their relationship and Asma was barred from meeting Farhan. Eventually the couple decided to get rid of the parents.

Asma admitted that she had opened the gallery door for Farhan and his accomplices to enter her house. Farhan held Asma's mother at gunpoint with a fake gun and after taking the cupboard keys from her, dragged her into another room and killed her. On Farhan's suggestion Asma then called her brother in the room and he too was killed in the same manner. After killing her father in the drawing room Farhan stole seven thousand rupees and jewelry from the cupboards and left. He had asked Asma to leave the house and spend some time in college so that nobody would suspect her of being involved. The police soon caught Farhan and his accomplices.

Soon after she was caught, Asma went back on her earlier statement to the press and said that she was too nervous to figure out what was happening to her. Since then she has gone back on her statements several times. She says she had not gone anywhere that morning and was at home. Even though she had accepted her relations with Farhan earlier, she now denies even knowing him.

While speaking to Kolachi she says that she doesn't know Farhan and the murders and her indictment in them had been planned by her maternal aunt in a ploy to get her mother's money.

According to Asma the entire family was sleeping after having sehri that morning. There was a knock on the door at around 8 am and when she opened the door three men holding guns barged in. They asked her for the cupboard keys and then locked her in the bathroom.

"I don't know what happened afterwards," she says claiming that that after some time they let her out and threatened her with dire consequences if she told anyone about them. When she saw her parents' bodies she screamed and fainted. "Later the police arrested me for nothing," she tells Kolachi.

Asma and Farhan got death sentences from the anti-terrorism court on July 6, 1999.According to the media reports, Asma and Farhan were not only smiling after the verdict but Farhan was quoted thanking God that the couple would die together.

Asma Nawab has appealed for concession and her case is pending in court. She misses the way her life used to be. Her college friends haven't stayed in touch. She dreams of going back home. Meanwhile, she spends her time watching television, reading books and teaching students in prison.

 


environment
Short-sightedness in Sindh: 
Chopping trees and lives
As the world buzzes with problems created by global warming and  the G8 devise environment friendly strategies to preserve resources for future generations, trees are being chopped down in this part of the world aggravating an already huge predicament
By Adeel Pathan

Sindh, along with other natural resources, was also rich in forests that helped keep the region cool. But a deforestation drive has wiped out scores of trees. Authorities it seems are not mindful of  the practice and its adverse effects on environment

The most distressing example of this is Matiari, which was part of the Hyderabad district until two years ago. It was famous for its riverine forest belts, but so intensive was the deforestation drive here that as many as a 170 million trees were chopped down in three years.

The crisis

An area of 1.126 hectares or eight percent of Sindh comes under the control of the Sindh Forest Department, of which forests and irrigation plantations cover a mere 2.29 percent. This is a clear indication, according to a report by the International Union of Conservation of Nature (IUCN), that the province is seriously deficient in forests.

Concerned representatives of the Save Forest Committee says that the influential people of the area in collusion with district forest officials have cut down 80 million of 90.5 million trees in the Raees Mureed Belo (forest), shrinking the forested area to just 2,000 acres from 12,000 acres in space of three years.

A survey of the Indus Development Organization (IDO) working on the forest issue under the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) GEF Small Grants Program with special focus on Matiari district reveals that it is left with just a few thousand acres of forest out of the 28 thousand estimated only three years back. The riverine forests of Matiari known as Matiarco, Khyberani, Raees Munir, Salaro, Khando and Bhanote forests had years old trees cut down, the Sindh Forest Department however remained almost criminally silent on the matter.

Concerned representatives of the Save Forest Committee say that influential people of the area in collusion with district forest officials have cut down 80 million of 90.5 million trees in the Raees Mureed Belo (forest), shrinking the forested area to just 2,000 acres from 12,000 acres in just three years.

Not only were these forests a source of livelihood for the villagers but also served as armour for floods when the Indus River peaked. With barely any forest cover now, chances of flooding have increased.

The loss of forests has resulted in depleting the supply of honey and milk. Tahir Qureshi, Forest Expert for IUCN noted that poverty is increasing in the area, which was previously affluent, and consequently suicides are becoming a regular feature. However, according to the IDO representatives, the district government of Matiari is taking no notice of the situation and seems to be busy running other government affairs.

The cause

"It happened after the government adopted a policy to lease the forest land for plantation campaign," Zain Daudpoto, the executive director of IDO told Kolachi. He added that influential people involved in policy making went against it when they stared cutting down trees in order to clear the land and acquire the lease. He said that clearing the land of trees and using it for agricultural purposes was a preplanned move and was taken in alliance with forest officials. Daudpoto elaborates that the survey revealed that more than 170 million trees were chopped after this agro forestry policy was passed in 2004 and said that the loss of trees for the local communities was tragic as their livelihood depends on livestock rearing. "Not only is it costing locals their livelihood, but is posing a great threat to the environment" he said.

According to a report by the IUCN, Sindh was abundant in forests prior to the Second World War. Though this resource was completely exhausted over a period of time, the excessive felling of mature trees to meet fuel requirements for defense installations and railways intensified loss of forest cover during the war. While the reasons stated in the report for the felling of trees are appropriate, currently trees are simply being cut down excessively for monetary gain, with the consent of concerned authorities.

Tahir Qureshi said that riverine forests are the mainstay of Sindh and supply raw material to wood based industries such as the mining and furniture industries etc. Unfortunately, he points out, due to the diversion of the Indus River to agriculture lands, these forests including irrigation plantations and mangrove forests are facing scarcity of water. If the sanctioned water for all types of forests is not restored, the forest area will be further reduced and forests will completely disappear in Sindh.

The IUCN report further says that it is evident from the situation that sustainability of forests in Sindh is threatened. This situation had been brought about by mismanagement, social policy and climate change. The present management system doesn't allow for independent and professionally sound work in the interest of forest and communities as it is centralized and the revenue generated is not reinvested in the harvested forest area.

Other factors that have resulted in forest mismanagement include a high level of landlessness among households, a deplorable law and order situation, lack of basic facilities like health, education, employment and transport to local people

The cure

"IUCN Pakistan is running a forestry rehabilitation program on a long term basis in Sindh and Balochistan and mass scale plantations under the social forestry program have been raised with the participation of local communities," Qureshi informed Kolachi.

"We go into the affected communities and form save forest organizations. Twenty such organizations have been formed to provide grants to the locals for saving forests."

Rafiq Junejo, project manager of the UNDP GEF program told Kolachi that two nurseries are also being established in the area to provide saplings to plant and bring green back into the area again.

The UNPD project being carried out by IDO was initiated in December 2006 and more than 3,000 locals have been recruited. Small grants are being given to those who used to cut the trees as source of income as an alternative.

This is the first of its kind project to be launched in Sindh to save forests in district Matiari and will also be useful in keeping the community involved. Interestingly, the locals whose main source of income was their livestock have started working for the project, as they have no other option to explore.

While reviewing the Sindh Agro Forestry Policy of 2004, the provincial government should take the local communities on board who are living the situation and have a personal stake in the matter. The devolution plan of 2000 advocates the assignment of forest extension to the district as part of the agriculture department. Tasks allocated to district governments include maximization of forestation, the creation and maintenance of new resources including amenity forests and recreational parks and farming and enforcing management plans.

Nasir Ali Panhwar, of IUCN Sindh told Kolachi that his organization provides incentives and technical help to farmers to raise windbreaks and shelterbelts on their lands. He was of the view that revenue generated should be reinvested to increase the forest coverage and a capacity building program should be introduced for the local communities specially women to involve them in social forestry projects.

Nasir says that building capacity and provision of training to forest rangers is imperative to ensure effective monitoring, management and conservation of forests particularly to curtail illegal felling and smuggling.

World Environment Day is celebrated in Pakistan as enthusiastically as anywhere else in the world, but that's the extent of our zeal for nature and natural resources. Plantation campaigns and ceremonies also take place here as they do globally, but after the official ceremonies are over, no one really bothers to see that the plant actually grows into a tree. Deforestation has not only had damaging effects on the local source of livelihood but it has also been destructive to the environment. Action should be taken against land-grabbers and the Forest Department should be directed to plant more trees instead of allying with those who stand to gain from the cutting down of existing trees, and tree-less 'forests'.

The temperature in Matiari district is escalating gradually. This is the time to take steps to ensure that the forests and future generations of the area are preserved and protected.



The way we were
Games we used to play
By Kaleem Omar

Sports range from 'A' for archery to 'G' for gravity speed biking and gulli danda to 'T' for trampolining. And if one were to think about it long enough, one could probably also come up with the name of a sport beginning with the letter 'X'.

In the old days, some of the best and most colourful writing in newspapers was to be found on the sports pages. Sad to say, that is not the case anymore. Even so, one occasionally still comes across memorable pieces on the sports pages. Back in 1988, for instance, when the drop-dead gorgeous Gabriella Sabatini first appeared at the French tennis open, a sports reporter who was covering the tournament for the Chicago Tribune began one of his pieces thus: "I was going to write about Gabriella Sabitini again, but I received a phone call from my editor in Chicago last night saying, 'Stop drooling over Sabatini.' So I'm going to write about some of the other players today."

Needless to say, however, only a couple of paragraphs later his resolve failed him and he was drooling over Sabatini again.     

Which brings me to the subject of this piece: great sportswriters and their writings. One of the best of them is the American writer, Roger Kahn. His book "Games We Used to Play", a collection of his sports pieces written over a period of 37 years (1955 -1992), provides a marvelous reminder of just how good he really is.

With his perceptions and his mastery of the language, Kahn gives us new insights into some of the best-known names in the sports world - boxing legends Mohammed Ali and Sugar Ray Robinson , 1970s basketball superstar Kareem Abdul-Jabbar, American football star "Broadway Joe" Namath, and baseball legends Mickey Mantle, Stan "The Man" Musial and Jackie Robinson (the first black American to play for the majors).

What lifts Kahn's writing far above the ordinary is his egalitarianism, his unhappiness that the world has not behaved itself better, his contempt for frauds and fakes, his admiration for athletes who are generous as well as aggressive, his genuine appreciation for the good guys. He draws portraits of his subjects, never charts of their statistics. In short, he is a deep and clever fellow with his writing machine.

I use the expression "writing machine" advisedly, because Kahn - like all the great sportswriters of the past - worked on a battered Remington typewriter, pounding away at the keys like a man possessed.

"Games We Used to Play" covers a big canvas and does it with style and grace. For those who like their sports described with wit and in high style, Kahn's collection makes a delightful read.

What emerges in his writing is the passion, grace, exuberant energy and intense concentration involved in swinging a baseball bat, dancing around in a boxing ring, or passing a football across an open field. Equally present, however, is the human element, the joy but also the cost of giving your life to that demanding mistress, professional sports.

The elegiac tone is set in the very first paragraph of Kahn's introduction to his book. He writes: "In 1965, when all men were lean and the women in bikinis stirred, to say the least, the heart, we used to play Sunday softball beside a sun-bright white-sand beach."

Here he is, in a piece written in 1959, on the subject of Sugar Ray Robinson, a gentleman of style, and reckoned, pound for pound, to be the greatest fighter who ever lived: "On a corner (in New York) almost thirty years ago, as a boy named Walker Smith, the man we call Sugar Ray Robinson danced for pennies. He had a good body even then, and he knew it would bring him more than pennies. 'Someday, Marie,' he told his sister, 'I ain't gonna be dancing for pennies on this block. I'm gonna own it.' The corner was 124th Street and Seventh Avenue. The champion doesn't own the whole block, just a good part of it.

"Or maybe it all started in a ring. One, when he was training at Greenwood Lake, New York, I saw him walk into a ring by himself. A crowd sat around the ring on little bridge chairs, and when he walked in through the door everybody cheered.

"He took off the robe, and there was the fighter's dancing body, stripped except for royal purple trunks. He walked through the ropes and into his fighter's dance. The left hand flicked. 'Sss,' said Ray Robinson through clenched teeth. The right hand moved hard and straight. 'Sss,' the fighter said. The hands were moving swiftly, first one, then the other, and each time the hands moved, he hissed. He was alone, fighting only the air. The people couldn't stop cheering."

And here is Kahn on all-time boxing great Mohammed Ali, in a piece written in 1976 just after Ali defeated Ken Norton: "Ali is the champion and he is locked into a style. He turned professional during the last days of Dwight Eisenhower's administration (Eisenhower served two terms as president, from January 1953 to January 1961), and he has fought well, sometimes brilliantly through five presidencies. Young, he was Cassius Clay, the 'Louisville Lip,' establishing himself with his fists, his doggerel, and his outrageous predictions. Now, four months away from his thirty-fifth birthday, he is Mohammed Ali…But he is also a ticket salesman. If vulgarity sells tickets, let it be."

The reference to "vulgarity" in this passage has to do with the fact that at the public preflight physical before the Ali-Norton fight, Ali - who prided himself on his ability to sell tickets with his theatrics - had staged a raucous demonstration in a meeting room at Grossinger's Hotel in New York. "You a nigger," he had screamed at Norton. "You a yellow nigger." A yellow nigger sounds like a non sequitur, only it isn't of course. "And your movies are bad," Ali had added for good measure, lifting a poster displaying a photo of Norton in a movie role that had appeared in the New York magazine, "Village Voice."

Describing the ensuing scene, Kahn writes: "'You are a disgrace to athletics,' Ali shouted. 'You are a disgrace to your race.' Norton ignored the champion, and a doctor in a yellow sports jacket took pulses and blood pressures, complaining that he could not do his work unless Ali quieted down. Ali signaled to his retinue, and presently his seconds and Norton's seconds were calling each other flunkies. 'Both men are in superb condition,' announced Harry Kleinman, the doctor."

In a 1970 piece about basketball star Kareem Abdul-Jabbar (previously known as Lew Alcindor, Jr.), Kahn writes: "The motel was called Quality Court, which meant this was no Plaza Suite, and the black man lying under the brown blanket seemed endless, and you had to wonder what was going to happen when he stood up. Would there be room for all of him under that low plasterboard ceiling?"

Referring to an incident during a game in Seattle when a player named Bob Rule had got a finger in Kareem's eye and Kareem had gone for him and given him a shove, Kahn writes: "It is not going to add up. Of that you can be assured. In a society that does not add up, the Lew Alcindor phenomenon, frozen in full flow, is not going to provide one of those comfortable 'Reader's Digest' pieces with smooth beginning, anesthetic middle, tidy end. The Alcindor phenomenon is a mix of rough edges and incompleteness and immaturity and wisdom and misinterpretations and rages and regrets."

Then, there was that other great American sportswriter, Jimmy Cannon. He once remarked: "I've had a great life. I sat at glad events. My two favourite people in sports were Joe Louis and Joe DiMaggio. They were my friends and I think explaining friendship is like explaining pain. It's impossible after it's subsided."

But if there are great sportswriters like Roger Kahn and Jimmy Cannon, there are also those like a man on the New York Post who drank three meals a day, cadged money from anyone who moved and used to fall asleep while smoking.  He started several hotel fires and became a professional joke until he set fire to the bed in his apartment. Most of his body was charred, but the man required no anesthetic for hours. Alcohol had immunised him from pain, although not from death. Three days after his admission to a hospital, the sportswriter died, stone sober for the first time in years.


karachicharacter
A friendly doodhwala
By Sana Lakhani

Mohammad Irshad is the proud owner of the Bismillah Milk shop in Cantt. Born and bred in Karachi, Mohammad Irshad has been the friendly neighbourhood doodhwala for the last 18 years. Mohammad Irshad is a prominent feature of the Cantt. community and has seen the area develop, growing along with it. A family man with three children, this Karachi Character allowed Kolachi a peek into his life.

Kolachi: How long have you been running this business?

Irshad: I have been running this milk shop since the last eighteen years.

Kolachi: Is it a family business? If not, what made you decide to enter this field?

Irshad: No, this isn't a family business. My brother owned this store and I bought the space from him- my decision to start a milk shop was influenced by the fact that it's a profitable business and I have seen many people succeed at it. It seemed like a sound investment and by the grace of God, I have been very successful at it.

Kolachi: Why did you name your business the Bismillah milk shop? And why do you think all milk shops are named Mashallah Inshallah etc?

Irshad: I named it Bismillah because all milk shops had names like this. Plus, my father recommended the name because it has barkat.

Kolachi: What was the city like eighteen years ago? Has it changed a lot?

Irshad: Definitely! It used to be deserted, with a smaller population. It was like a desert and totally different. I have witnessed its development and am proud of its growth.

Kolachi: In what ways has Karachi, specifically this area, developed over the years? Do you approve of the change?

Irshad: Yes, of course! There has been a great increase in the population and the economy of the area, especially since the Fatima Jinnah Bridge was built. The area has developed and it is very good for business.

Kolachi: How many members are there in your family?

Irshad: I have a family of five: my wife, three children and me.

Kolachi: How far have you studied?

Irshad: I'm only non-matric (a layman term for class IX).

Kolachi: What about your children? Are they studying?

Irshad: Yes, of course! I am sending all three of my children to school so that they can become educated citizens and have the option to choose any career they want. I want them to be able to shape their own lives.

Kolachi: Does your income from the milk shop prove adequate for the needs of you and your family?

Irshad: Yes! By the Grace of God, we get along quite well with my income. All three of my children attend good schools and we live comfortable lives. That is all I ask of God.

Kolachi: So, do you dilute your milk before selling it to customers?

Irshad: No, no! Definitely not! I run an honest business and have never resorted to these dishonest techniques. Allah has given my business enough barkat and I am satisfied with my life- I don't need to employ these unlawful methods.

Kolachi: How has the ban on plastic shopping bags affected your business?

Irshad: We have stopped using the plastic shopping bags. Only the bags containing milk are plastic and those too are of the prescribed weight. Even though it caused a few problems in the beginning, I think that this is a good step taken by the government and I'm glad they are enforcing it strictly. Health officials periodically collect samples and examine them and my milk shop has never been fined because I adhere to the rules.

Kolachi: What is your opinion about the present government?

Irshad: I think that the government is very unstable. On the one hand inflation is rising and on the other hand they fine our Milk shops for amounts up to 20,000- 30,000 rupees if our prices are above the government prescribed prices. The clashes and political upsets also affect our business and the constant load shedding is also very bad for a business that deals in perishables. I think that the government should focus on these problems and look after the interests of the businessmen.

Kolachi: Have you ever travelled outside Karachi?

Irshad: No, I have not: I would like to if the opportunity presents itself, but I'm content in Karachi. Business is good, my family is happy and that is all that I ask God for.

 

Mohammad Irshad came across as a modest and unassuming man who is satisfied with his life. He is an active member of his community and is in touch with the lives of his customers and neighbours. A devout Muslim, he is thankful to God for his family and prosperity and though not highly educated himself, he dreams of educating his children and providing them a happy present and a successful future. Such is the life of this Karachi character.

– Photos by Ather Khan

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